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General
Description
L-carnitine is a vitamin-like nutrient, related in
chemical structure to the B vitamins. In the human body,
L-carnitine is synthesized from the amino acid lysine in
the liver and kidneys. Dietary sources of L-carnitine
include meat and dairy products, with red meat being the
richest source. L-carnitine supplements are produced
synthetically.
Health applications
- Angina
- Congestive heart failure
- Chronic fatigue syndrome
- Muscle development
- High triglycerides
Primary functions
In the body, L-carnitine plays a crucial role in the
transport and metabolism of fatty acids, helping the
muscles utilize fat as an energy source. Supplemental L-carnitine
is popular for improving energy levels in athletes and
fatigue sufferers and for promoting cardiovascular
function in people with congestive heart failure.
Cardiovascular health
Most of the research on L-carnitine has focused on
its potential to improve cardiovascular function.
Studies suggest L-carnitine may help improve heart
function in patients with congestive heart failure,1-3
increase exercise tolerance in patients with
exercise-induced stable angina,4-6
and may even increase the life expectancy of heart
attack sufferers. 7-9 Because these
studies vary in design, dosage, and the forms of
carnitine used, more research is needed to determine the
usefulness of L-carnitine in the treatment of
cardiovascular disease.
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Because L-carnitine is known to play an essential
role in energy production, researchers are studying its
potential in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).
Low carnitine levels have been observed in CFS patients,
10-12 and one study showed
improvement in CFS parameters with oral L-carnitine
treatment.13 Larger studies are
needed to verify these preliminary findings.
Dosage/toxicity
L-carnitine supplements are typically taken in doses
ranging from 1 to 4 grams per day. It is generally well
tolerated in this dosage range, with no significant side
effects reported in human clinical studies. 14
There is no known toxicity with L-carnitine, even at
very high doses.15
More Information
Aging occurs when the energy producing components of the cell
deteriorate, resulting in reduced cellular metabolic activity, the
accumulation of cellular debris, and the eventual death of the cell.
The most effective antiaging therapy to maintain youthful cellular
energy metabolism is the amino acid L-carnitine, which functions via
several mechanisms to protect cells from the effects of aging.
Acetyl-L-carnitine is the acetylated ester of the amino acid L-carnitine.
Acetyl-L-carnitine is absorbed into the bloodstream more efficiently
than L-carnitine and, more importantly, acetyl-L-carnitine passes more
effectively through cell membranes, and is utilized more efficiently in
the mitochondria of the cell.
Acetyl-L-carnitine is sold as a drug in Europe at outrageously high
prices. Europeans often use acetyl-L-carnitine to treat age related
neurological dysfunction and/or congestive heart failure. Published
studies indicate that long-term cognitive enhancing benefits can be
attained by taking acetyl-L-carnitine for only several months.
Read: Amazing
Benefits of of ALC. Also here is another article: Read
the Findings: Acetyl L Carnitine.
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